First Hop Redundancy protocol comparison (HSRP,VRRP,GLBP) with the diagram

This time, I will talk about a First Hop Redundancy Protocol (FHRP) that i have already made it as a short note. I could pass CISCO exam because of this so i just would like to share. You can then compare your solution with a suggested solution and apply with your business. Accordingly, you can take advantage of a first-hop redundancy protocol. ... HSRP, VRRP and GLBP are the main three first hop redundancy protocols.

The following table provides difference HSRP, VRRP and GLBP protocols.

Property	HSRP	VRRP	GLBP
Administrative Distances	Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP)	Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)	Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP)
Concept	Provides default gateway redundancy using one active and one standby router; standardized but licensed by Cisco Systems	An open-standard alternative to Cisco's HSRP, providing the same functionality	Supports arbitrary load balancing in addition to redundancy across gateways; Cisco proprietary
Scope	Cisco Proprietary	IEEE Standard	Cisco Proprietary
Standard	RFC 2281	RFC 3768	none
Background	Created by Cisco, for Cisco in 1994	Created by the IETF in 1999	Created by Cisco, for Cisco in 2005
Load balancing	No	No	Yes
Transport	UDP/1985	IP/112	UDP/3222
Default Priority	100	100	100
Default Hello	3 sec	1 sec	3 sec
Timer	Hello 3 sec Hold 10 sec	Advertisement 1 sec Master Down interval 3*Advertisement + skew time	Hello 3 sec Hold 10 sec
Multicast Group	224.0.0.2	224.0.0.18	224.0.0.102
Mac Address	0000.0c07.acxx	0000.5e00.01xx	0007.b4xx.xxxx
IPV6 support	Yes	No	Yes
Interface States	Speak: Gateway election in progress Active: Active router/VG Standby: Backup router/VG Listen: Not the active router/VG	Master: Acting as the virtual router Backup: All non-master routers	Speak: Gateway election in progress Active: Active router/VG Standby: Backup router/VG Listen: Not the active router/VG
Advantages	• Easy to configure, the protocol does not affect the routing tables or hosts configuration. • The traffic increase caused by HSRP is minimal.	• Simplified network management: Deploying VRRP on multicast and broadcast LANs such as Ethernet, you can ensure that the system can still provide highly reliable default links without changing configurations (such as dynamic routing protocols or route discovery protocols) when a device fails, and prevent network interruption due to a single link failure. • High adaptability: A VRRP packet is encapsulated in an IP packet, and supports different kinds of upper layer protocols. • Low network overhead: VRRP defines only one packet type, VRRP advertisement, and only the master in a VRRP group can send VRRP advertisements.	• Efficient use of network resources: multiple paths upstream from the gateways can be utilized simultaneously. • Higher availability: GLBP offers enhanced redundancy eliminating single point of failure of the first-hop gateway. An enhanced object-tracking feature can be used with GLBP to ensure the redundancy implementation mirrors network capabilities. This same feature is also available for HSRP and VRRP. • Automatic load balancing: Off-net traffic is shared among available gateways on a per-host basis, according to the defined load-balancing algorithm. • Lower administration costs: Since all hosts on a subnet can use a common default gateway while load balancing is still achieved, administration of multiple groups and gateways is unnecessary. • Simpler Access-layer design: More efficient use of resources is now possible without configuring additional VLANs and subnets.
Disadvantages	• Three second recovery time is hardly acceptable for real time traffic, such as voice over IP traffic. • HSRP is a weak protocol from the security point of view (see Section 4.5.4). • HSRP is a Cisco proprietary protocol, while in a free patent protocol, further development is feasible.	No security is used, as the offered authentication method is weak.	• Cisco proprietary protocol. • Higher complexity on network management as a result of high number of configurable parameters to take into consideration

The previous diagram illustrates Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP) diagram

The previous diagram illustrates the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

The previous diagram illustrates Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP)